What does solubility measure in a given solvent?

Solubility measures the amount of solute that can dissolve in a specific volume of solvent under set conditions, typically at a particular temperature and pressure. It provides insight into how much of a substance can be incorporated into a solution before saturation occurs, which is crucial in various applications, including chemical reactions and formulations in firefighting, such as foam solutions.

The importance of solubility is evidenced in scenarios where different substances interact; understanding how much solute can dissolve helps in creating effective fire suppressants. Other options like temperature, pH level, or pressure do not directly relate to the quantity of solute that can dissolve in a solvent, which is the fundamental definition of solubility.