What is the technique known as 'Indirect Attack' in firefighting?

The technique known as 'Indirect Attack' in firefighting involves applying water at the ceiling level to cool the smoke and gases, thereby reducing the overall temperature in the environment before addressing the flames directly. This method is particularly effective in enclosed spaces where the heat and smoke have accumulated; by targeting the ceiling and allowing the water to cascade down, it can help in reducing the intensity of the fire and create a safer atmosphere for firefighters to operate.

In contrast, focusing water on the flames directly does not take advantage of the higher temperatures typically found near the ceiling, and thus may prove less effective in controlling the fire. Utilizing a solid stream against the fire base might also fail to cool the smoke layer, which can be just as critical in managing the situation. Creating a fire break around the area, while useful in preventing fire spread, does not directly impact the flames or heat within the structure. Indirect attack is an essential tactic that prioritizes safety and strategic control of the fire environment.